Chemically modified palm kernel shell biochar for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution

Abstract Heavy metals eradication from water is a complicated subject, therefore viable, resilient, and green technology imperative. metal removal can be accomplished through easy access, economical, efficient sorbents derived agricultural waste. In the current study, palm kernel shell (PKS) waste was converted into biochar (PKSC) via pyrolysis. Chemical modification performed on PKSC acid-base treatment to refine its adsorption properties. Batch experiments were conducted study efficiency of treated (MPKSC) for Cr(IV), Ni(II) Cu(II). The surface area increased 112.934 m 2 /g 149.670 by acid-based treatment. showed that MPKSC afforded high Cu (99.29%), Ni (96.77%) Cr (42.97%). Cr(IV) PKSC, as well Cu(II) best represented Freundlich isotherm. However, explained using Langmuir All studied heavy fitted pseudo-second-order kinetic.